Spin is an important factor in many ball sports including tennis, baseball, basketball, golf, cricket, ping-pong, pool, bowling and soccer.
A ball can be spun by applying a force that is unbalanced, which causes it to move in the desired direction.
In publications of clinical research on innovative treatments, positive spin is a frequent form of unbalanced reporting in which beneficial claims are overemphasized while negative findings are minimized, resulting in a biased conclusion that emphasizes the value of the intervention.
The authors of Evaluation of Spin in Reviews of Biodegradable Balloon Spacers for Massive, Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears list 12 types of spin:
The abstracts are what surgeons read most. Spin is most problematic in abstracts, given their brevity and can result in the misrepresentation of a study’s actual findings.
These authors conducted a search in the PubMed and Embase databases using the search terms: “subacromial balloon”, “subacromial spacer”, “rotator cuff”, “irreparable”, “systematic review”, and “meta-analysis.”
There were 29 studies that met the criteria. Of these, 10 were reviews and meta-analyses while the remaining 19 were…
